How to search?
advanced search

Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 9
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:

Shaftesbury v. Richardson: a Counterfactual Exercise. = Shaftesbury versus Richardson: ćwiczenie kontrfaktyczne

Harry Mount
Rocznik Historii Sztuki | 2020 | No XLV | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/rhs.2020.136889
Keywords art theory social history of art aesthetic theory 18th Century British aesthetics taste beginnings of art history neoclassicism
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

This article considers what might have happened had the 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury lived long enough to see his planned book of art theory, Second Characters, into publication. It suggests that Second Characters would have challenged, and perhaps supplanted, Jonathan Richardson the Elder’s Theory of Painting (1715) as the first substantial and original British contribution to the theory of art. Much of the article consists of a comparison between Richardson’s Theory of Painting and the ‘Plasticks’ section of Second Characters, for which Shaftsbury’s notes survive. This comparison suggests that the theory of painting which Shaftesbury would have offered to his compatriots would have differed from that offered by Richardson in certain important respects. Primarily addressing his text to his fellow aristocratic patrons rather than to painters, Shaftesbury’s vision for the future of British art was both more high-minded and more narrow than that offered by Richardson. For Shaftesbury the moral subject matter of painting was all-important, and the artistic traits he most admired, including historical subjects, grandeur of scale and austerity of style, were those he saw as best placed to transmit that moral subject matter. Richardson, by contrast, was for more tolerant of the extant British taste for portraits and more sensual styles and offered a theory of art which was in part formalist. The article also stresses the importance of the equation Shaftesbury made between the social and political health of a society and the quality of its art, and suggests that had Second Characters been published at the time when it was written we might now consider Shaftesbury, rather than Winckelmann, as the father of the social history of art. The article ends by considering two possible outcomes had Second Characters been published in the early eighteenth century, in one of which it had a profound impact on British art and British attitudes to art, and in the other of which Shaftesbury’s refusal to compromise with current British tastes condemned his text to no more than a marginal status.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Harry Mount
1
  1. Oxford Brookes University

The role of oxidative stress in the cooperation of parthenolide and etoposide in HL-60 cells

Monika A. Papież Oliwia Siodłak Wirginia Krzyściak
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136200
Keywords parthenolide etoposide acute myeloid leukemia GSH oxidative stress flow cytometry
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

B a c k g r o u n d: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide on the cytotoxic and pro-oxidative effects of etoposide in HL-60 cells.
M e t h o d s: Cytotoxic effects were determined by incubation of HL-60 cells with various concentrations of examined compounds and combinations thereof, which were then stained with propidium iodide and analyzed using a flow cytometer. To determine the role of oxidative stress in the action of the compounds, co-incubation with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and parthenolide and/or etoposide was used and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) was detected.
R e s u l t s: Parthenolide significantly enhanced the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of etoposide. However, in most cases of the combinations of parthenolide and etoposide, their effect was antagonistic, as confirmed by an analysis using the CalcuSyn program. The examined compounds significantly reduced the level of GSH in HL-60 cells. Combination of etoposide at a concentration of 1.2 μM and parthenolide also significantly reduced GSH level. However, in the case of a combination of etoposide at a concentration of 2.5 μM with parthenolide, a significant increase in the level of GSH was obtained compared to compounds acting alone. This last observation seems to confirm the antagonism between the compounds tested.
C o n c l u s i o n s: Parthenolide did not limit the cytotoxic effect of etoposide in HL-60 cells even in the case of antagonistic interaction. If parthenolide does increase GSH levels in combination with etoposide in the normal hematopoietic cells, it could protect them against the pro-oxidative effects of this anti-cancer drug.
Go to article

Bibliography

1. Bell J.A., Galaznik A., Huelin R., Stokes M., Guo Y., Fram R.J., Faller D.V.: Effectiveness and safety of therapeutic regimens for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic literature review. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2018; 18: e303–e314.
2. Hackl H., Astanina K., Wieser R.: Molecular and genetic alterations associated with therapy resistance and relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol. 2017; 20: 51.
3. Foran J.M.: Do cytogenetics affect the post-remission strategy for older patients with AML in CR1? Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2017; 30: 306–311.
4. Yunos N.M., Beale P., Yu J.Q., Huq F.: Synergism from the combination of oxaliplatin with selected phytochemicals in human ovarian cancer cel lines. Anticancer Res. 2011; 31: 4283–4290.
5. Shah K., Mirza S., Desai U., Jain N., Rawal R.: Synergism of curcumin and cytarabine in the down regulation of multi-drug resistance genes in acute myeloid leukemia. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2016; 16: 128–135.
6. Banudevi S., Swaminathan S., Maheswari K.U.: Pleiotropic role of dietary phytochemicals in cancer: emerging perspectives for combinational therapy. Nutr Cancer. 2015; 67: 1021–1048.
7. Pei S., Minhajuddin M., D’Alessandro A., Nemkov T., Stevens B.M., Adane B., Khan N., Hagen F.K., Yadav V.K., De S., Ashton J.M., Hansen K.C., Gutman J.A., Pollyea D.A., Crooks P.A., Smith C., Jordan C.T.: Rational design of a parthenolide-based drug regimen that selectively eradicates acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells. J Biol Chem. 2016; 291: 21984–22000.
8. Guzman M.L., Rossi R.M., Karnischky L., Li X., Peterson D.R., Howard D.S., Jordan C.T.: The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide induces apoptosis of human acute myelogenous leukemia stem and progenitor cells. Blood. 2005; 105: 4163–4169.
9. Papiez M.A., Baran J., Bukowska-Straková K., Wiczkowski W.: Antileukemic action of (-)-epicatechin in the spleen of rats with acute myeloid leukemia. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010; 48: 3391–3397.
10. Papież M.A.: The influence of curcumin and (-)-epicatechin on the genotoxicity and myelosuppression induced by etoposide in bone marrow cells of male rats. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2013; 36: 93–101.
11. Siveen K.S., Uddin S., Mohammad R.M.: Targeting acute myeloid leukemia stem cel signaling by natural products. Mol Cancer. 2017; 16: 1–12.
12. Curry E.A., Murry D.J., Yoder C., Fife K., Armstrong V., Nakshatri H., O’Connell M., Sweeney C.J.: Phase I dose escalation trial of feverfew with standardized doses of parthenolide in patients with cancer. Invest New Drugs. 2004; 22: 299–305.
13. Knight D.W.: Feverfew: chemistry and biological activity. Nat Prod Rep. 1995; 12: 271–276.
14. Ordóñez P.E., Sharma K.K., Bystrom L.M., Alas M.A., Enriquez R.G., Malagón O., Jones D.E., Guzman M.L., Compadre C.M.: Dehydroleucodine, a Sesquiterpene Lactone from Gynoxys verrucosa, Demonstrates Cytotoxic Activity against Human Leukemia Cells. J Nat Prod. 2016; 79: 691–696.
15. Merfort I.: Perspectives on sesquiterpene lactones in inflammation and cancer. Curr Drug Targets. 2011; 12: 1560–1573.
16. Li C., Jones A.X., Lei X.: Natural product reports synthesis and mode of action of oligomeric sesquiterpene lactones. Nat Prod Rep. 2015; 1–10.
17. Pei S., Minhajuddin M., Callahan K.P., Balys M., Ashton J.M., Neering S.J., Lagadinou E.D., Corbett C., Ye H., Liesveld J.L., O’Dwyer K.M., Li Z., Shi L., Greninger P., Settleman J., Benes C., Hagen F.K., Munger J., Crooks P.A., Becker M.W., Jordan C.T.: Targeting aberrant glutathione metabolism to eradicate human acute myelogenous leukemia cells. J Biol Chem. 2013; 288: 33542–33558.
18. Klein K., Kaspers G., Harrison C.J., Beverloo H.B., Reedijk A., Bongers M., Cloos J., Pession A., Reinhardt D., Zimmerman M., Creutzig U., Dworzak M., Alonzo T., Johnston D., Hirsch B., Zapotocky M., De Moerloose B., Fynn A., Lee V., Taga T., Tawa A., Auvrignon A., Zeller B., Forestier E., Salgado C., Balwierz W., Popa A., Rubnitz J., Raimondi S., Gibson B.: Clinical impact of additional cytogenetic aberrations, ckit and ras mutations, and treatment elements in pediatric t(8;21)-aml: results from an international retrospective study by the international Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster study group. J Clin Oncol. 2015; 20: 4247–4258.
19. Burnett A.K.: New induction and postinduction strategies in acute myeloid leukemia. Curr Opin Hematol. 2012; 19: 76–81.
20. Kagan V.E., Yalowich J.C., Borisenko G.G., Tyurina Y.Y., Tyurin V.A., Thampatty P., Fabisiak J.P.: Mechanism-based chemopreventive strategies against etoposide-induced acute myeloid leukemia: free radical/antioxidant approach. Mol Pharmacol. 1999; 56: 494–506.
21. Patel N.M., Nozaki S., Shortle N.H., Bhat-Nakshatri P., Newton T.R., Rice S., Gelfanov V., Boswell S.H., Goulet R.J., Sledge G.W., Nakshatri H.: Paclitaxel sensitivity of breast cancer cells with constitutively active NF-kappaB is enhanced by Ikappa-B alpha super-repressor and parthenolide. Oncogene. 2000; 19: 4159–4169.
22. deGraffenried L.A., Chandrasekar B., Friedrichs W.E., Donzis E., Silva J., Hidalgo M., Freeman J.W., Weiss G.R.: NF-kappa B inhibition markedly enhances sensitivity of resistant breast cancer tumor cells to tamoxifen. Ann Oncol. 2004; 15: 885–890.
23. Tietze F.: Enzymatic method for quantitative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione: applications to mammalian blood and other tissues. Ann Biochem. 1969; 27: 502–522.
24. Papież M.A., Krzyściak W., Szade K., Bukowska-Straková K., Kozakowska M., Hajduk K., Bystrowska B., Dulak J., Jozkowicz A.: Curcumin enhances the cytogenotoxic effect of etoposide in leukemia cells through induction of reactive oxygen species. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016; 10: 557–570.
25. Wurthwein G., Krumpelmann S., Tillmann B., Real E., Schulze-Westhoff P., Jurgens H., Boos J.: Population pharmacokinetic approach to compare oral and i.v. administration of etoposide. Anticancer Drugs. 1999; 10: 807–814.
26. Kim Y.R., Eom J.I., Kim S.J., Jeung H.K., Cheong J.W., Kim J.S., Min Y.H.: Myeloperoxidase expression as a potential determinant of parthenolide-induced apoptosis in leukemia bulk and leukemia stem cells. JPET. 2010; 335: 389–400.
27. Vlasova I.I., Feng W., Goff J.P., Giorgianni A., Do D., Gollin S.M., Lewis D.W., Kagan V.E., Yalowich J.C.: Myeloperoxidase-dependent oxidation of etoposide in human myeloid progenitor CD34+ cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2011; 79: 448–479.
28. Seo K.H., Ko H.M., Han A., Kim H.A., Choi J.H., Park S.J., Kim K.J., Lee H.K., Im S.Y.: Platelet-activating factor induces up-regulation of antiapoptotic factors in a melanoma cell line through nuclear factor-kb activation. Cancer Res. 2006; 66: 4681–4686.
29. Teufelhofer O., Weiss R.M., Parzefall W., Schulte-Hermann R., Micksche M., Berger W., Elbling L.: Promyelocytic HL60 cells express NADPH oxidase and are exellent targets in a rapid spectrophotometric microplate assay for extracellular superoxide. Toxicol Sci. 2003; 76: 376–383.
30. Skalska J., Brookes P.S., Nadtochiy S.M., Hilchey S.P., Jordan C.T., Guzman M.L., Maggirwar S.B., Briehl M.M., Bernstein S.H.: Modulation of cell surface protein free thiols: a potential novel mechanism of action of the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide. PLoS One. 2009; 2: e8115.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Monika A. Papież
1
Oliwia Siodłak
1
Wirginia Krzyściak
2
  1. Department of Cytobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. Department of Medical Diagnostic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Relationships between quality of life and comprehensive geriatric assessment among seniors — a cross-sectional study in Krakow, Poland

Anna Pachołek Eliza Siemaszko-Oniszczuk Joanna Mierzwa Anna Wróbel Karolina Piotrowicz Jerzy Gąsowski Tomasz Tomasik
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2023 | Vol. 63 | No 1 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145426
Keywords quality of life EQ-5D-5L general practitioner comprehensive geriatric assessment Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Background: Due to current increased life expectancy, the quality of life (QoL) of senior patients is gaining in importance. The aims of this study were: to estimate QoL in a group of patients, aged above 64 years, that is cared for by general practitioners (GPs) in Krakow, Poland, and to find relation-ships between elements of QoL and the results of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and other important medical and social factors.
Methods: We designed a cross-sectional, questionnaire study among patients who attended GPs’ sur-geries from April 2018 to April 2019. To examine the patients, we used the Euro-Quality of Life Ques-tionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and eight scales forming CGA: the Activities of Daily Living, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Mini-Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Clinical Frailty Scale and Athens Insomnia Scale.
Results: The lowest QoL was observed in dimensions of pain/discomfort and mobility, where 70% and 52% of patients, respectively, reported problems in these areas. Only 91 (21%) respondents had highest results in all five dimensions of QoL. The average score in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of the EQ-5D- 5L (representing self-rated health on a given day) was 62.36 ± 18.98 points. Statistically significant relationships were observed between QoL and age, physical activity and multimorbidity (in all cases p <0.001). The results of QoL were correlated with every aspect of CGA, while the strongest relationship was noticed between scores in the EQ-5D-5L VAS scale and scales assessing depression and frailty (p <0.001; r = –0.57 both).
Conclusions: Our study showed that in senior patients in Krakow QoL was relatively high. Seniors mostly complained of pain/discomfort and problems with mobility. Moreover, dimensions of QoL were connected with the results of CGA. During visits, GPs should specifically question patients about the above mentioned aspects of QoL.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Anna Pachołek
1 2
Eliza Siemaszko-Oniszczuk
3
Joanna Mierzwa
4
Anna Wróbel
5
Karolina Piotrowicz
6
Jerzy Gąsowski
6
Tomasz Tomasik
1 2
  1. Department of Family Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. The College of Family Physicians in Poland
  3. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Diseases, University Clinical Hospital, Białystok, Poland
  4. Second Department of Internal Diseases, Dietl Specialist Hospital, Krakow, Poland
  5. Department of Internal Diseases, City Hospital of Ruda Śląska, Ruda Śląska, Poland
  6. Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Typology of flexor carpi radialis muscle in human fetuses

Małgorzata Suchanecka Katarzyna Siwek Jacek Ciach Krzysztof Eicke Victoria Tarkowski
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2022 | Vol. 62 | No 1 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2022.141687
Keywords fetal anatomy forearm morphology flexor compartment flexor carpi radialis
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Introduction: The musculus flexor carpi radialis (FCR) is a muscle with an important function for the mechanics and physiology of the hand. Its isolation during intrauterine development occurs relatively late, which may result in the presence of high variability during the fetal period. The aim of this study is to determine the detailed typology of FCR in the fetal period based on the available material.
Material and Methods: A total of 114 human fetuses (53 female, 61 male) aged between 117.0 and 197.0 days of fetal life were included in the study. The research material was derived from the collections of the Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Wrocław. Fetuses were stored in typical conservation solvents. The study incorporated the following methods: anthropological, preparational, and image acqui-sition, which was obtained using an innovative digital microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using R software.
Results: The typology of FCR was determined based on the characteristics of the distal attachment of the investigated muscle.
The statistical analysis revealed a predominance of type I in the examined fetal material — the attachment located on metacarpal bone II (about 82% of cases). Type IV (attachment to the 4th metacarpal bone) occurs with a frequency of less than 10% and the remaining types II and III occur with a frequency of 4–6%. The statistical analysis did not reveal bilateral or dimorphic differences in the prevalence of each FCR type. In respect of the collected anthropometric parameters, no statistically significant dimorphic differences were revealed. For a more complete description, the FCR proportionality index was intro-duced. The mean value of this index was 0.6 and was independent of the side or sex of the analyzed fetus.
Conclusions: FCR in the fetal period is characterized by a stable course in both the proximal and distal attachments.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Suchanecka
1
Katarzyna Siwek
1
Jacek Ciach
1
Krzysztof Eicke
1
Victoria Tarkowski
2
  1. Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University
  2. Clinical and Dissecting Anatomy Students Scientific Club, Wroclaw Medical University

Experimental therapies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Jakub Włodarczyk Patrycja Szałwińska Anna Waśniewska Jakub Fichna
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137209
Keywords irritable bowel syndrome experimental treatment drugs novel therapeutic approach
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder with still not fully understood pathogenesis. At first, the treatment of IBS was mainly focused on alleviating symptoms (with the use of laxatives, anti-diarrheals, anti-spasmodics and painkillers) and then became more specific by targeting discovered pathways responsible for proper functioning of the gastrointestinal system, for in-stance: 5HT3, 5HT4, cannabinoid and opioid receptors, guanylyl cyclase C, chloride channels and sodium- hydrogen exchanger. Nowadays, there is a growing number of experimental IBS treatment strategies and in this article we discuss these novel and therapeutic options in IBS, their efficacy and future perspectives.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Jakub Włodarczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Patrycja Szałwińska
1
Anna Waśniewska
1 2
Jakub Fichna
1
  1. Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
  2. Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

Beyond the Folk Belief About the Madness and Foolishness of the Inhabitants of Homs: Legend or Reality?

Najla Kalach
Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies | 2023 | vol. LXXVI | No 1 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/ro.2023.145864
Keywords Syria Ḥomṣ oral tradition folklore legend Day of the Fool Homsians’ Feast
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The city of Homs, formerly known as Emesa, strategically located in the central region of Syria, has been long linked to a folk belief that portrays its inhabitants as mad and fool. Historical and traditional sources also link the alleged madness and foolishness of the Homsians to the day of Wednesday, the so-called “Day of the Fool” or “Homsians’ Feast”, which is considered a special day. The legend regarding the “Day of the Fool” and its celebration during Wednesdays has been passed down orally in the local culture and its origins likely trace back to ancient times when the city was still called Emesa. Therefore, this article attempts at reconstructing history and origins about this folk belief, and exploring the reasons behind the supposed madness and foolishness of the inhabitants of Homs and their connections to Wednesdays by comparing three studies published after 2000s in Arabic by Homsian intellectuals, namely Al-Aḥmad, Samʽān, and Kadr.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Najla Kalach
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of International Studies of Rome, Italy

Modeling of frequency response of transformer winding with axial deformations

K.M. Gawrylczyk S. Banaszak
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2014 | vol. 63 | No 1 March | 5-17 | DOI: 10.2478/aee-2014-0001
Keywords transformer winding frequency response analysis (FRA) lumped parameters method transmission line method
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

One of important methods used for diagnostics of a transformer’s active part is Frequency Response Analysis (FRA). It allows to determine the mechanical condition of windings, their displacements, deformations and electric faults, as well as some problems with internal leads and connections, core and bushings. Still pending problem is interpretation of measurements results. One of approaches is application of computer modeling to simulate various failure modes and connected with them changes in FRA response. The paper presents two types of models, one based on lumped parameters with RLC elements, and one based on distributed parameters with TLM method. Both methods give similar results, comparable to real measurements of simulated coil.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

K.M. Gawrylczyk
S. Banaszak

Z rozważań psychologa o myśleniu historycznym

Maciej Dymkowski
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2013 | vol. 43 | 5-17
Keywords myślenie historyczne potoczna psychologia potoczna historiozofia mentalność badacza
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Dymkowski
ORCID: ORCID

Historical and legal aspects of AI in the media industry: An Introduction

Bogdan Fischer
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej | 2021 | t. 24 | No 4 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/rhpp.2021.138327
Keywords AI in media industry automated journalism imitation of interactive intelligence algorithms deepfake
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

What were the beginnings of modern communication infrastructure? What is ’artificial intelli-gence’ and what it imitates in ’natural intelli-gence’? Does its accuracy, reliability and objectivity make AI the journalists’ friend or is it in fact an enemy due to the ongoing automation of editori-al and publishing work? This two-part introduction to the problem of AI in journalism discusses all those questions and the hopes and fears that are connected with the new technology
Go to article

Bibliography

Edwards A.J., Wechsler, David (1896–1981), [w:] Encyclopedia of intelligence, red. R.J. Sternberg, New York 1994, vol. 1, pp. 1134–1136.
Effros M., Poor H.V., Claude Shannon: His Work and Its Legacy, Published with the permission of the EMS Newsletter: reprinted from N°103 (March 2017).
Fischer B., Autorskoprawne konteksty sztucznej inteligencji, [w:] Internet. Cyberpandemia, red. A. Gryszczyńska, G. Szpor, Warszawa 2020.
Fischer B., Piskorz‑Ryń A., Artificial intelligence in the context of data governance, “International Review of Law, Computers & Technology” 2021, vol. 35.
Gardner H., Multiple Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice, New York 2006.
Grzelańczyk P., Systemy eksperckie w diagnostyce środków transportu, „Logistyka” 2012, nr 3.
Kaplan A., Haenlein M., Siri, Siri, in my hand: Who’s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence, “Business Horizons” 2019, no. 62 (1).
Kiełtyka L., Wykorzystanie systemów eksperckich w zarządzaniu wiedzą, „Organizacja i Zarządzanie” 2013, nr 53.
Kobie N., Reuters is taking a big gamble on AI‑supported journalism, https://www.wired.co.uk/article/reuters‑artificial‑intelligence‑journalism‑newsroom‑ai‑lynx‑insight [dostęp: 1.08.2021].
Mainzer K, Künstliche Intelligenz — Wann übernehmen die Maschinen?, DOI 10.1007/978‑3‑662‑48453‑1, Berlin – Heidelberg 2016.
Micklethwait J., The future of news https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018‑05-03/john‑micklethwait‑the‑future‑of‑news [dostęp: 2.08.2021].
Peiser J., The rise of the robot reporter, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/05/business/media/artificial‑intelligence‑journalism‑robots.html
Skalfist P., Mikelsten D., Teigens V., Sztuczna inteligencja: czwarta rewolucja prze-mysłowa, Cambridge – Stanford 2020.
Vernon P.A., Philip Ewart (1905–1987), [w:] Encyclopedia of human intelligence, red. R.J. Sternberg, New York 1994.
Zalatimo S., Entering the next century with a new Forbes experience, https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesproductgroup/2018/07/11/entering‑the‑next‑century‑with‑a‑new‑forbes-‑experience/?sh=7eaf0ac83bf4 [dostęp: 2.08.2021].
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Bogdan Fischer
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Instytut Prawa i Ekonomii Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. KEN ul. Podchorążych 2, PL 30-084 Kraków

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more