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Abstract

Classical swine fever (CSF) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are responsible for major economic losses and represent a threat to the swine industry worldwide. Routine surveillance serology for CSF and PRRS viruses is critical to maintaining the health status of sow farms in Hunan Province, which is one of the top pig production provinces in China. The aim of our study was to investigate the serological statistics of CSF virus (CSFV) and PRRS virus (PRRSV) in Hunan Province. The cohort serum samples were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs. Our findings showed that the average rates of CSFV and PRRSV antibody seropositivity were 82.2% (95% CI: 80.1-84.3) and 84.8% (95% CI: 82.5-87.1), respectively, in the immunized group and that these rates were higher than those in the unvaccinated group (58.6% for CSFV and 47.8% for PRRSV). Additionally, the level of CSFV antibody in piglet serum declined gradually with age, whereas PRRSV-specific antibody level increased initially (1 to 2 weeks old) and then declined with age (2 to 4 weeks old). In summary, we investigated the difference in CSFV/PRRSV antibody levels among piglets at various weeks old (1 to 4 weeks) to further establish the duration of maternal immunity in piglets. In addition, routine monitoring of CSFV/PRRSV antibodies in immunized pigs was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination.
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Bibliography


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Deka D, Barman NN, Deka N, Batth BK, Singh G, Singh S, Agrawal RK, Mukhopadhyay CS, Ramneek (2021) Sero-epidemiology of por-cine parvovirus, circovirus, and classical swine fever virus infections in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 53: 180.
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Authors and Affiliations

H. Yu
1
L. Zhang
1
Y. Cai
1
Z. Hao
2
Z. Luo
3
T. Peng
1
L. Liu
N. Wang
1
G. Wang
1
Z. Deng
1
Y. Zhan
1

  1. Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology (RCRV), and Laboratory of Functional Proteomics (LFP), College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
  2. Yongzhou Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Affairs Center, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000, China
  3. Dingcheng Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Affairs Center, Changde, Hunan 415100, China
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Abstract

The present study consisted of two experiments. The goal of the first experiment was to establish the just noticeable differences for the fundamental frequency of the vowel /u/ by using the 2AFC method. We obtained the threshold value for 27 cents. This value is larger than the motor reaction values which had been observed in previous experiments (e.g. 9 or 19 cents). The second experiment was intended to provide neurophysiological confirmation of the detection of shifts in a frequency, using event-related potentials (ERPs). We concentrated on the mismatch negativity (MMN) - the component elicited by the change in the pattern of stimuli. Its occurrence is correlated with the discrimination threshold. In our study, MMN was observed for changes greater than 27 cents - shifts of ±50 and 100 cents (effect size - Cohen’s d = 2.259). MMN did not appear for changes of ±10 and 20 cents. The results showed that the values for which motor responses can be observed are indeed lower than those for perceptual thresholds.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Wrzosek
Justyna Maculewicz
Honorata Hafke-Dys
Agnieszka Nowik
Anna Preis
Grzegorz Kroliczak
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Abstract

The evaluation of effect of the grass and broadleaf weed control of different mixture rates of mesotrione plus pethoxamid and terbuthylazine applied postemergence in maize was conducted in the field experiments during the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons. There was no phytotoxicity observed on maize after herbicide treatments. Herbicide mixture provided higher levels of Echinochloa crus-galii (L.) Beauv. control than mesotrione used alone. In the postemergence trials, the broadleaf weeds, except Chenopodium album L., were not well controlled by the mesotrione-alone treatment. The addition of pethoxamid plus terbuthylazine to mesotrione significantly improved the control of broadleaf weeds. Mesotrione and mesotrione plus pethoxamid and terbuthylazine treated plots were always among the highest yielding as compared to untreated plots. Any reductions in cob and grain yield were always associated with high weed fresh matter yields indicating that it was the weed competition that led to reduced yield and not herbicide phytotoxicity.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz. A. Skrzypczak
Jerzy A. Pudełko
Wojciech Waniorek

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