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Occurence and genotype distributionof Cryptosporidium spp.,and Giardia duodenalis in sheep in Siirt,Turkey

B. Aslan Çelik Ö.Y. Çelik A. Ayan Ö. Orunç Kılınç G. Akyıldız K. İrak M.A. Selçuk K. Ercan V. Baldaz Ö. Oktay Ayan
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 359–366 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145040
Keywords Cryptosporidium spp. Giardia duodenalis molecular analysis phylogeny sheep Turkey
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Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis are intestinal protozoan parasites known to infect humans and various animals and cause diarrhea. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and genotype of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in sheep in different locations of Siirt province. The fecal material for this study was collected from 500 sheep in different locations of Siirt province, Turkey. Fecal samples obtained from sheep were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining and the Nested PCR method. Microscopic and Nested PCR methods revealed a prevalence of 2.4% (12/500) and 3.6% (18/500), respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of C. ryanae, C. andersoni, and zoonotic C. parvum. In terms of Giardia duodenalis, 8.4% (42/500) and 10.2% (51/500) prevalence was determined using Nativ-Lugol and Nested PCR methods, respectively. Using sequence analysis, zoonotic assemblages A and B as well as assemblages E and D were detected. As a result of this study, both the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis and the presence of species that appear to be host-specific, as well as those known to be zoonotic, were revealed. A large-scale study is needed to understand the impact of these agents on sheep farming and their consequences on human health.
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Authors and Affiliations

B. Aslan Çelik
1
Ö.Y. Çelik
2
A. Ayan
3
Ö. Orunç Kılınç
4
G. Akyıldız
5
K. İrak
6
M.A. Selçuk
1
K. Ercan
2
V. Baldaz
2
Ö. Oktay Ayan
7
  1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  3. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
  4. Özalp Vocational School, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
  5. Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
  6. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  7. Department of Parasitology, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey

Self-blindness. Czy można nie znać swoich przekonań?

Adrianna Smurzyńska
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria | 2016 | No 2 | 359-366
Keywords self-blindness przekonania samowiedza samooszukiwanie
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Abstract

Przedmiotem rozważań jest koncepcja self-blindness. Autorka definiuje jąprzez eksperyment myślowy przedstawiający sytuację, w której osoba pomimo zachowania zdolności poznawczych i racjonalności nie ma bezpośredniego dostępu do własnych przekonań. Przywołuje również uporządkowane przez siebie argumenty przeczące możliwości istnienia takiej sytuacji. Pod koniec artykułu stara się wskazać wartościowe wnioski i drogi dalszych rozważań bazujące na tej koncepcji – dotyczące mechanizmów dostępu do przekonań oraz ich natury.

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Authors and Affiliations

Adrianna Smurzyńska

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