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Maritime administrative tasks executed by classification institutions in the European Union

Dorota Lost-Siemińska
Prawo Morskie | 2004 | No XX | 31-40
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Abstract

The article regards the long controversial issue of classification institutions undertaking maritime administrative tasks. This issue has recently been regulated by both international (IMO) and European law. The author analyzes to what extent these changes are being implemented into Polish law. The consequences of European Union accession can be lethal for the Polish Ship Register. A great number of executive acts concerning "Polish classification institutions" will have to be changed quickly. Although the Polish Ship Register is not recognized by the European Commission, Poland has already applied for such recognition. However, potential recognition of this body will be effective in Poland only.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dorota Lost-Siemińska
ORCID: ORCID

LMS Algorithm Step Size Adjustment for Fast Convergence

Dariusz Bismor
Archives of Acoustics | 2012 | vol. 37 | No 1 | 31-40 | DOI: 10.2478/v10168-012-0005-8
Keywords signal processing adaptive algorithms least mean squares active noise control system identification
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Abstract

In the areas of acoustic research or applications that deal with not-precisely-known or variable conditions, a method of adaptation to the uncertainness or changes is usually necessary. When searching for an adaptation algorithm, it is hard to overlook the least mean squares (LMS) algorithm. Its simplicity, speed of computation, and robustness has won it a wide area of applications: from telecommunication, through acoustics and vibration, to seismology. The algorithm, however, still lacks a full theoretical analysis. This is probabely the cause of its main drawback: the need of a careful choice of the step size - which is the reason why so many variable step size flavors of the LMS algorithm has been developed.

This paper contributes to both the above mentioned characteristics of the LMS algorithm. First, it shows a derivation of a new necessary condition for the LMS algorithm convergence. The condition, although weak, proved useful in developing a new variable step size LMS algorithm which appeared to be quite different from the algorithms known from the literature. Moreover, the algorithm proved to be effective in both simulations and laboratory experiments, covering two possible applications: adaptive line enhancement and active noise control.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Bismor
ORCID: ORCID

The Cassandra Syndrome, or How Not to Be a Prophet

Peter Swirski
Filozofia i Nauka | 2022 | tom 10 | 31-40
Keywords Stanisław Lem Hugo Gernsbacher Herbert George Wells futurology conceptual limits of science
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Abstract

The central question of the article is should Stanisław Lem be read as a futurologist? The main thesis is that more than in predicting the future Lem always has been more interested in exploration the conceptual limits of science and its technological offshoots.
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Authors and Affiliations

Peter Swirski
1
  1. Canadian scholar and novelist

The Effect of Sonication Parameters on the Thickness of the Produced MoS2 Nano-Flakes

Najme Sadat Taghavi Reza Afzalzadeh
Archives of Acoustics | 2021 | vol. 46 | No 1 | 31-40 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2021.136558
Keywords ultrasonic probe 2D MoS2 band gap power output pulse percentage sonication time
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Abstract

Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) is a common route to produce two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets. In this research, MoS2 powder is exfoliated by an ultrasonic probe (sonicator) in a water-ethanol solution. It is reported that MoS2 as a prototype 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide, has a band gap that increases with a decreasing number of layers. There are some factors that affect the average band gap energy value and the thickness of the exfoliated flakes. We varied different parameters of the ultrasonic probe like power, pulse percentage and time duration of sonication to investigate the effects on the number of MoS2 layers. Our findings from the UV-Visible spectra, SEM, FESEM and TEM images indicate that the minimum thickness for these samples was acquired at 50% of the input power of the sonicator we used (65 W) and the optimum pulse percentage is 50%. The current study also found that the average amount of band gap increased with an increase in sonication time, and then remained unchanged after 60 minutes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Najme Sadat Taghavi
1
Reza Afzalzadeh
1
  1. Faculty of Physics K.N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran 15418-49611, Iran

Occurrence of Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 on a sand dune of the Baltic Sea

Renata Dobosz Katarzyna Rybarczyk-Mydłowska Grażyna Winiszewska
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2020 | vol. 60 | No 1 | 31-40 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2020.132206
Keywords Ammophila arenaria ITS potato rot nematode 18S 28S rDNA
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Abstract

Ditylenchus destructor is a serious pest of numerous economically important plants worldwide. The population of this nematode species was isolated from the root zone of Ammophila arenaria on a Baltic Sea sand dune. This population’s morphological and morphometrical characteristics corresponded to D. destructor data provided so far, except for the stylet knobs’ height (2.1–2.9 vs 1.3–1.8) and their arrangement (laterally vs slightly posteriorly sloping), the length of a hyaline part on the tail end (0.8–1.8 vs 1–2.9), the pharyngeal gland arrangement in relation to the intestine (dorsal or ventral vs dorsal, ventral or lateral) and the appearance of vulval lips (smooth vs annulated). Ribosomal DNA sequence analysis confirmed the identity of D. destructor from a coastal dune.

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Authors and Affiliations

Renata Dobosz
ORCID: ORCID
Katarzyna Rybarczyk-Mydłowska
Grażyna Winiszewska

Impact of flow and damming on water quality of the mountain Raba River (southern Poland) ‒ long-term studies

Ewa Szarek-Gwiazda Robert Gwiazda
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2022 | vol. 48 | No 1 | 31-40
Keywords flow physicochemical parameters Carpathian river impact of dam
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Abstract

Climate change, manifested by long term periods of drought to heavy rainfall, may remarkably modify river flow regimes. We hypothesize that flow prevailing in a given year determines water chemistry of the Carpathian Raba River above and below Dobczyce Reservoir (southern Poland), used for drinking purposes. Based on the mean annual river flow for years 1991‒2017, hydrologically dry (HD), hydrologically average (HA)and hydrologically wet (HW) years were distinguished. We found significant differences in the values of most studied physicochemical parameters of river water above and below the reservoir between studied hydrological years (for a period of April‒November). In HD years, the water above the dam had significantly higher temperature and values of conductivity (point pollution source, groundwater inflow), while lower ones of nutrients NO3- and P-tot (diffuse pollution) compared to those in HA and/or HW years. The best GLM models for mean monthly flows above and below the dam include 3‒5 factors among which conductivity and NO3- concentration were always present. The reservoir in different ways influences the water chemistry below the dam in HD, HA and HWyears. The impact of flow on the water quality in hydrologically varied years is discussed. The obtained results are important for appropriate management in catchment basins of mountain rivers and the protection of dam reservoirs against the eutrophication processes in changing climate and flow regime.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewa Szarek-Gwiazda
1
Robert Gwiazda
1
  1. Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland

“The Judgment of Hercules”. Shaftesbury at the Crossroads of Art Theory. = „Sąd Herkulesa”. Shaftesbury na rozstajnych drogach historii sztuki

Jacek Jaźwierski
Rocznik Historii Sztuki | 2020 | No XLV | 31-40
Keywords art theory aesthetic theory literary theory 18th Century British aesthetics 18th Century French Art Theory 18th Century moral philosophy neoclassicism aesthetic experience
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Abstract

In the early 18th century, British art theory was an almost virgin field, open to inevitable influences from the continent. Anthony Ashley Cooper, the Third Lord of Shaftesbury, who devoted the last years of his life to various problems of art, made an attempt to create the first serious theory of art in England. In this article, I try to show that Shaftesbury was faced with the need to choose between two competing approaches to art widespread in France at the turn of the century: the traditional approach, based on the poetic understanding of painting, the essence of which was history and its moral meaning, and the new one, proposed by Roger de Piles, based on the action of color and light and shade, which create a comprehensive visual effect independent of the story presented in the picture. Shaftesbury took a traditional approach, driven by moral fears and rather reluctant to make sensual pleasure the goal of art. At the same time, he appropriated the key concepts of Roger de Piles: the pictorial unity and the whole picture, ignoring the ideas associated with them. This should be understood as a half-measure that allowed him to modernize the language of art without the danger of compromising the moral importance of painting.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Jaźwierski
1
  1. Jan Kochanowski University

Contribution of 3D printing technology for craniofacial surgery

Janusz Skrzat
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 31-40 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136202
Keywords 3D printing mesh model craniofacial surgery computed tomography
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Abstract

This article summarizes technical aspects of preparing printable 3D anatomical models created from radiological data (CT, MRI) and discusses their usefulness in surgery of the human skull. Interdisciplinary approach to the capabilities of the 3D printers, and the materials used for manufacturing 3D objects oriented on replicating anatomical structures has created new possibilities for simulating and planning surgical procedures in clinical practice settings.
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Skrzat
1
  1. Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Plant communities in drainage ditches – conditions, characteristics and environmental functions

Aleksander Kiryluk
Studia Quaternaria | 2022 | vol. 39 | No 1 | 31-40 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2021.136834
Keywords habitat invasive species valley ecosystems diversity of flora environmental valorization
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Abstract

Ditches and drainage canals are an important element in the post-bog meadows. Their basic function is to regulate air-water relations in ecosystems, mainly in agrocenoses. The environmental functions of ditches and canals consist of maintaining a large diversity of flora and fauna species due to high humidity of these ecosystems. The study of plant communities in the ditches in the post-bog meadows habitat of the Supraśl Dolna valley structure in 2010–2020 was carried out. There were 23–27 species of plants in the ditches. Species diversity did not change significantly during this period, while changes in individual species’ coverage and viability were found. The species were classified into two rush communities: reed rush ( Phragmitetum australis) and rush ( Phalaridetum arundinaceae). As a result of the lack of maintenance of the ditches, an invasive species of flapped barbed ( Echinocystis lobata) was found. The natural valorization carried out by the Oświt method showed that plant communities in the drainage ditches are in the lowest valorization classes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksander Kiryluk
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Technology in Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, BialystokUniversity of Technology, Wiejska 45E Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland

Composition and distribution of intertidal meiofauna of Isfjorden, West Spitsbergen

Vadim O. Mokievsky
Polish Polar Research | 1992 | vol. 13 | No 1 | 31-40
Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen tidal zone meiofauna
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Abstract

Quantitative data on meiobenthos distribution in four biotopes of the intertidal zone are presented. Differences in taxonomic composition and meiofauna abundance are influenced by the morphology of beaches and their sediment structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

Vadim O. Mokievsky

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