The Munin River (Svalbard) is a mountainous braided proglacial river. It drains from two valley glaciers developing an elongated channel belt and turning into a wide braided outwash fan before entering the main river. The Munin River is in its axial head supplied by the material from glaciers, and along the stream by material from lateral sources, i.e. braided outwash fan, debris-flow and fluvial-flow dominated fans. Detailed analyses of clast roundness showed that roundness suddenly changes to higher degrees in negative correlation with channel belt width and sinuosity of the channels. The roundness increases rapidly in sections with small channel belt width and low sinuosity, which can be seen in the bedrock gorge. On the contrary, the roundness does not change much in sections with large channel belt width and high sinuosity. The morphological changes of the channel belt are controlled by the bedrock morphology of the catchment, which is the main factor affecting the clast roundness in the Munin River. The nature of the lateral material sources and the downstream traction affect rather the individual gravel fractions.

The climatic change on King George Island (KGI) in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, in the years of 1948–2011 are presented. In the reference period, a statistically significant increase in the air temperature (0.19 ° C/10 years, 1.2 ° C in the analysed period) occurred along with a decrease in atmospheric pressure (−0.36 hPa/10 years, 2.3 hPa). In winter time, the warming up is more than twice as large as in summer. This leads to decrease in the amplitude of the annual cycle of air temperature. On KGI, there is also a warming trend of daily maximum and daily minimum air temperature. The evidently faster increase in daily minimum results in a decrease of the diurnal temperature range. The largest changes of air pressure took place in the summertime (−0.58 hPa/10 years) and winter (−0.34 hPa/10 years). The Semiannual Oscillation pattern of air pressure was disturbed. Climate changes on KGI are correlated with changing surface temperatures of the ocean and the concentration of sea ice. The precipitation on KGI is characterised by substantial variability year to year. In the analysed period, no statistically significant trend in atmospheric precipitation can be observed. The climate change on KGI results in substantial and rapid changes in the environment, which poses a great threat to the local ecosystem.