Computational modeling plays an important role in the methodology of contemporary science. The epistemological role of modeling and simulations leads to questions about a possible use of this method in philosophy. Attempts to use some mathematical tools to formulate philosophical concepts trace back to Spinoza and Newton. Newtonian natural philosophy became an example of successful use of mathematical thinking to describe the fundamental level of nature. Newton’s approach has initiated a new scientific field of research in physics and at the same time his system has become a source of new philosophical considerations about physical reality. According to Michael Heller, some physical theories may be treated as the formalizations of philosophical conceptions. Computational modeling may be an extension of this idea; this is what I would like to present in the article. I also consider computational modeling in philosophy as a source of new philosophical metaphors; this idea has been proposed in David J. Bolter’s conception of defining technology. The consideration leads to the following conclusion: In the methodology of philosophy significant changes have been taking place; the new approach do not make traditional methods obsolete, it is rather a new analytical tools for philosophy and a source of inspiring metaphors.
There are many industrial environments which are exposed to a high-level noise, sometimes much higher than the level of speech. Verbal communication is then practically unfeasible. In order to increase the speech intelligibility, appropriate speech enhancement algorithms can be used. It is impossible to filter off the noise completely from the acquired signal by using a conventional filter, because of two reasons. First, the speech and the noise frequency contents are overlapping. Second, the noise properties are subject to change. The adaptive realisation of the Wiener-based approach can be, however, applied. Two structures are possible. One is the line enhancer, where the predictive realisation of the Wiener approach is used. The benefit of using this structure it that it does not require additional apparatus. The second structure takes advantage of the high level of noise. Under such condition, placing another microphone, even close to the primary one, can provide a reference signal well correlated with the noise disturbing the speech and lacking the information about the speech. Then, the classical Wiener filter can be used, to produce an estimate of the noise based on the reference signal. That noise estimate can be then subtracted from the disturbed speech. Both algorithms are verified, based on the data obtained from the real industrial environment. For laboratory experiments the G. R. A. S. artificial head and two microphones, one at back side of an earplug and another at the mouth are used.
The main topic of this paper deals with a general description of the notion of the class of objects, its historical draft and development in linguistic studies (generative grammar of N. Chomsky, semantic markers in the theory of J.J. Katz, J.A. Fodor, the predicate-argument structure of S. Karolak and the electronic dictionary of G. Gross). The author takes advantage of this concept in her analysis basing on object-oriented approach and the disambiguation by W. Banyś. This article demonstrates also that the disambiguation of the meaning of polysemic word pass by a correct choise of a class of objects which is the only solution to provide adequate equivalents in the target language and the condition of the effective and satisfying translation supported by computer.
The presented work proposes a new dimming control schemes for indoor visible light communication which combines variable pulse-position modulation, colour shift keying as key schemes of IEEE 802.15.7 standard, and sub carrier-pulse-position modulation as a pulse-position modulation variant with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. These schemes are then compared with traditional merging schemes utilizing pulse-width modulation and multiple pulse-position modulation with m-ary quadrature amplitude modulation OFDM. The proposed schemes are investigated in a typical room with a different lighting layout (i.e., distinctive and uniform lighting layout), followed by an illumination investigation to evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes, especially the enhanced achieved data rates, and to determine their limitations as reliable visible light communication systems that can satisfy both communication and illumination requirements.