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Number of results: 7
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Abstract

The article presents the results of soundscape assessments conducted in urban parks in the Silesian Voivodeship. The Silesian Voivodeship is characterised by a high degree of industrialisation and the greatest population density in Poland. The studies were conducted in the urban parks of all the cities in the voivodeship with populations of over 100,000 citizens. This selection was determined based on acoustic maps that are prepared for cities with populations of over 100,000 citizens as required by law, and on the fact that the role of urban parks is frequently marginalised in the context of city life. The goal of the studies was to define an objective acoustic appeal assessment method for urban parks in city centres. Measurements were carried out in 34 parks located in the centres of 12 cities. A-weighted sound levels LAeq were determined for 107 measuring points in urban parks and the streets adjacent to them. Differences in the A-weighted sound levels LAeq were presented for each studied park and the adjacent streets. Minimum and maximum sound values were subsequently determined for each measuring point. Significant differences in the minimum and maximum sound values in given locations were found despite minor differences in LAeq values. It was also discovered that though parks may often exhibit high A-weighted sound levels LAeq, there are other factors that influence the appeal of park soundscapes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Miterska
1
Janusz Kompała
1

  1. Department of Acoustics, Electronics and IT Solutions Central Mining Institute, Katowice, Poland
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Abstract

Currently, due to the economic and ecological aspects, light alloys are increasingly important construction material, in particular in the transport industry. One of the popular foundry magnesium alloys is the alloy AZ91, which among others due to mechanical properties and technological features, is used, for example, for light structural parts.
The paper presents the results of research on modification of the AZ91 alloy surface layer in the plasma electrolytic oxidation process. The change of usable properties of the produced coatings was obtained by introducing additions of silicon carbide or boron nitride. The thickness and hardness of the protective layers produced, resistance to scratches and corrosion resistance were determined. Moreover, the friction coefficient of the coating-steel pair was investigated. The quality of the connections made between the coating and the substrate, i.e. the magnesium alloy, was also evaluated. The results obtained for coatings with silicon carbide or boron nitride additives were always compared to the results obtained for unmodified samples.
On the basis of the obtained results, it was shown that the introduction of boron nitride additive to the AZ91 alloy coating produced in the plasma electrolytic oxidation process significantly improves the resistance to: (i) corrosion and (ii) abrasive wear of the coating.
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Authors and Affiliations

D. Pelczar
1
P. Długosz
2
ORCID: ORCID
P. Darłak
2
ORCID: ORCID
A. Szewczyk-Nykiel
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Nykiel
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Hebda
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Department of Materials Engineering, 24 Warszawska St r., 31-155 Krakow, Poland
  2. Centre of Casting Technology, Research Network Lukasiewicz-Krakow Institute of Technology, Zakopiańska 73, 30-418 Krakow, Poland
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Abstract

In recent years the Commission of the European Union has endeavored to create a regional European system of transport law, one that would not affect unimodal transport contracts and their respective conventions. The key issue therefore is relationship between such system and those conventions and, ultimately, the Rotterdam Rules. In its Resolution of 5 May 2010 on strategic goals and recommendations for the EU’s maritime transport policy until 2018 (2009/2095 (INI)), The European Parliament calls for speedy signing, ratification an implementation of the Rotterdam Rules by the EU member states.

The opponents of the Rotterdam Rules point to their conflict with unimodal transport conventions. However, the new system devised in that Convention allows for co-existence of unimodal systems while providing a sound replace-ment of outdated maritime regulations.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Krężel
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of a numerical analysis of nitride-based edge-emitting lasers with an InGaN/GaN active region designed for continuous wave room temperature emission of green and blue light. The main goal was to investigate whether the indium thin oxide (ITO) layer can serve as an effective optical confinement improving operation of these devices. Simulations were performed with the aid of a self-consistent thermal-electrical-optical model. Results obtained for green- and blue-emitting lasers were compared. The ITO layer in the p-type cladding was found to effectively help confine the laser mode in the active regions of the devices and to decrease the threshold current density.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Kuc
A.K. Sokół
Ł. Piskorski
M. Dems
M. Wasiak
R.P. Sarzała
T. Czyszanowski
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Abstract

Background: a humidity sensor is used to sense and measure the relative humidity of air. A new composite system has been fabricated using environmental pollutants such as carbon black and low-cost zinc oxide, and it acts as a humidity sensor. Residual life of the sensor is calculated and an expert system is modelled. For properties and nature confirmation, characterization is performed, and a sensing material is fabricated. Methodology: characterization is performed on the fabricated material. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are all used to confirm the surface roughness, its composite nature as well as the morphology of the composite. The residual lifetime of the fabricated humidity sensor is calculated by means of accelerated life testing. An intelligent model is designed using artificial intelligence techniques, including the artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy inference system (FIS) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Results: maximum conductivity obtained is 6.4×10⁻³ S/cm when zinc oxide is doped with 80% of carbon black. Conclusion: the solid composite obtained possesses good humidity-sensing capability in the range of 30–95%. ANFIS exhibits the maximum prediction accuracy, with an error rate of just 1.1%.

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Authors and Affiliations

C. Bhargava
J. Aggarwal
P.K. Sharma
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Abstract

The paper presents selected results of studies connected with modeling of a biological object which could be used for simulation and measurements of the selected human tissues optical transmittance. The studies were performed for transilluminated homogeneous tissue layers as well as for objects consisted of different tissues. During simulations the software built with LabVIEW environment was used. Experimental verification of the model structure was made with spectrophotometry. The presented examples of modeling concern the transmittance spectra for two selected specific objects: the venous blood and muscle tissue analyzed in the wavelength range extending from 360 nm to 900 nm. The implemented model could be used in estimating the content and thickness of particular layers distinguished in a complex object and prediction of their transillumination efficiency.

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Authors and Affiliations

Z. Krawiecki
A. Cysewska-Sobusiak
G. Wiczynski
A. Odon
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Abstract

In this paper, the authors present surface roughness profile assessment using continuous wavelet transform (CWT). Roughness profiles after turning and rough and finish belt grinding of hardened (62HRC) AISI 52100 steel are analyzed. Both Morlet and “Mexican hat” analyzing wavelets are used for the assessment of extrema and frequency distribution. The results of the CWT as a function of profile and momentary wavelet length are presented. It is concluded that CWT can be useful for the analysis of the roughness profiles generated by cutting and abrasive machining processes.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Brol
Wit Grzesik

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