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Abstract

In civil engineering, underground structures are exposed to various georisks and require greater attention and awareness of the need to identify them at the earliest possible stage of investment preparation and implementation. The assessment of the interaction of objects in the underground space is a task that requires the analysis of many influencing factors resulting from the geometry and characteristics of the constructed structure and existing buildings, in the context of soil and water conditions. The correctness of such an assessment and forecast of the range and scope of these impacts requires knowledge of both construction and geotechnical issues, as well as knowledge of using the experience gained, including the analysis of the results of observations and monitoring measurements. One of the main challenges associated with underground constructions is their impact on existing buildings and other structures adjacent to the developed site. As these structures are often highly susceptible to excavation-induced ground movements, their behavior have to be considered in a design as one of the geotechnical-related limit states. As in the analysis of limit states, various computational models can be used to assess the impact of investments, including analytical, semi-empirical or numerical models. In the process of assessing the impact of underground structures, it is also important to identify additional elements of potential georisks, e.g. the impact of accompanying works, which in certain situations may have a significant impact on the construction process, requiring preventive measures. On a few examples from the construction of deep excavations and tunnels in different soil and water conditions, the article discusses the aspects of the role of the accuracy of the identification of soil and water conditions and the creation of a reliable and useful subsoil model as elements allowing for the identification and minimization of georisks and its proper management.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Godlewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Eugeniusz Koda
2
ORCID: ORCID
Monika Mitew-Czajewska
3
ORCID: ORCID
Stanisław Łukasik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Simon Rabarijoely
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Building Research Institute, 21 Ksawerów St., 02-656 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
  3. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

Carbonate rocks are among the sedimentary systems which preserve information on the formation and diagenetic history expressed in its composition (distribution of its major rock-forming components (RFC). For estimating RFC proportions at the micro-scale, a simple counting of visible RFCs in thin sections using overlaid grids is a long-used, well-established technique. However, computer tomography (CT) analysis provides us with quantitative data in 3D at both the scale of the entire sample and a resolution defined by dimensions of the voxels at the micro-scale. The quantitative data expressed in Hounsfield units (HU) correlates with the density of RFCs. In this work statistical properties of CT-based data for selected freshwater carbonate samples from the Danube-Tisza Interfluve have been assessed using histograms and boxplots. Univariate statistical parameters characterize each sample. The maximum-likelihood method of mixture analysis has been adapted to recover and estimate the parameters of these subpopulations. Subpopulations have been defined in the form of overlapping intervals using statistical parameters gained (mean±2STD). Five major components have been defined: empty and partially or entirely filled pores by calcite, limestone micrite, dolomite micrite matrix and limonite saturated matrix.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nour Nayef Hassan Alzoubi
1
Janos Geiger
1
Sandor Gulyas
1

  1. University of Szeged, Department of Geology, 2-6 Egyetem u., H-6722, Szeged, Hungary
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Abstract

The author of this article carries out an analysis of the evolution of the term ‘commemorative names’ in the aspect of municipal onomastics. She primarily researches how the scope of this term has changed and which name groups have been included with that term. Moreover, she researches how the commemorative names themselves have changed. She concludes that the names of symbolic motivation that refer to cultural competencies of their users do not form a homogenous group, but they differ in genetic and motivational terms. Thus, four such groups may be identified: 1. commemorative names bearing real meaning, 2. conventional discretionary names (honorifying), 3. commemorative-discretionary names referring to local heroes, places and events, 4. names resulting from the broadly understood ‘cultural memory’, commemorating ideas, values, literary and movie characters, titles, Slavonic mythology and Polish legends, faith in its various dimensions, literary trends, artistic styles, art, etc. All four groups have their dual functions in common: deictic and cultural.

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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Myszka
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Abstract

The concept of city has got broad analytical perspectives, one of them are: the structural perspective, sociological, psychological, political, cultural, industrial and also the pedagogical perspective. In opposition to the concept of city is the concept of countryside, within which the concept of nature is regarded as an idyllic place, it is the place of childhood, the place of longing, it is the lost place that has been starting to go under the knife of time since the 20s of the last century. The apotheosis of the concept of city, that is being practiced by many artists, embracing the symbolics of the concept of city by mass culture and later by popular culture, causes the necessity to take the initiative of conducting the research that would attempt to establish the identity of the concept of city in modern culture. The article attempts to specify how the concept of city functions in popular culture through the analysis of chosen texts in popular music, starting from the 50s of the XX century until the XXI century.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Ejsmont
Beata Kosmalska
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Abstract

This article focuses on the developments which led to the construction of a Polish paradigm of press studies. An analysis of the methodological premises and contributions of researchers involved in that process in the 1950s and 1960s indicates that the key role in developing a such a paradigm was played by Mieczysław Kafel. It must be said, though, that his concept of press studies was not adopted by all specialists in field. As a result Polish press/media studies exhibit considerable differences of approach (paradigmatic structure).
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Mielczarek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Katedra Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji Społecznej Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego ul. Uniwersytecka 17, 25-406 Kielce

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