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Number of results: 5
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Abstract

The Author discusses the present state of Polish geography against the background of the traditional position, and the rapid development taking place after the Second World War. The introduction of new methods and new directions, as well as new organization are considered to have been reflected in the rising international position of Polish geography. Further topics here include the relationship between physical and human geography, the growing de facto separation of these two branches, and the development of several independent sciences rooted in geography but now existing apart from it (like geomorphology, climatology, hydrology, etc. on the physical geography side, with the element of the environment as a subject of study). On the other hand, social economic geography examines the effects of human activity in the environment, thereby synthesizing spatial management and bridging the gap between the earth sciences, the economy and the social sciences. The degradation of environmental resources, explosion of the human population and climate change have all forced geography (and other sciences) to head in the global direction, as well as towards interdisciplinary cooperation, likewise on the level of the world as a whole. If we are to meet the challenges this all entails, we will need to think about creating interdisciplinary problem teams, as well as activating existing organisational structures in science (notably the geographical sciences), with full benefit taken from research centres that run studies on differing spatial scales, in conjunction with international global programmes like the Future Earth. The geography of the future should not be a closed science, but should draw on the knowledge of scholars of various specialisations, seeking environmental solutions that require intervention on both the global and regional scales. Polish geography should participate in this activity, inter alia as part of Future Earth, as a new venture. It can also be regarded as our task to ensure that society is aware of all the above issues.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Starkel
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Abstract

The studies were conducted from 2012 to 2015 at the National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, Poland. The aim of the research was to determine the yield of Chinese cabbage, its storage ability and nutritional value, depending on weed management methods used during cultivation. In the field experiments the following methods were compared: mechanical treatments, mechanical treatments + growth stimulators, soil mulching with black polypropylene, black polyethylene and biodegradable foil and hand weeding. After harvest the Chinese cabbage was stored at 0–2°C for 125–126 days depending on the year and after storage marketable and rotten heads were sorted. The percent of yellowed, rotten leaves in the total mass of the stored heads was also determined, as well as the natural weight loss. The chemical composition of Chinese cabbage was analyzed after harvest and after storage. The analyses included: dry matter, total sugars, vitamin C and soluble phenol content. After harvest the highest yield of Chinese cabbage grown in black polyethylene mulch was obtained. After storage the highest yield of marketable heads from cabbage mechanically weeded with additional application of biostimulator AlfaMax during cultivation was obtained. Chemical analyses showed that after harvest the highest dry matter, total sugars and vitamin C content were found in Chinese cabbage mechanically weeded and soluble phenols were the highest in non-weeded Chinese cabbage. After storage the highest content of dry matter was recorded in non-weeded Chinese cabbage, while total sugars were the highest in cabbage mulched with black polyethylene and biodegradable foil. Vitamin C was the highest in mechanically weeded and soluble phenols were the highest in hand-weeded cabbage.
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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Golian
1
Zbigniew Anyszka
1
Ryszard Kosson
2
Maria Grzegorzewska
2

  1. Weed Science Laboratory, The National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, Skierniewice, Poland
  2. Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Storage and Postharvest Physiology, The National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, Skierniewice, Poland
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Abstract

Reports of weed resistance to herbicides have increased in recent years and differentiation in resistance mechanisms is considered to be a concern for the future of weed science. The aim of this work was to characterize the mechanisms of resistance to herbicides associated with Conyza sp. complex and analyze their implications. Aspects of the action of herbicides commonly used in their control will be addressed, in addition to a description of the mechanisms involved in multiple resistance in Conyza species.
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Authors and Affiliations

Luisa Carolina Baccin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht
2
ORCID: ORCID
Leandro Paiola Albrecht
2
ORCID: ORCID
André Felipe Moreira Silva
3
ORCID: ORCID
Ricardo Victoria Filho
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Fitotecnia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, Sãu Paulo, Brazil
  2. Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Brazil
  3. Crop Science Pesquisa e Consultoria Agronômica LTDA, Maripá, Paraná, Brazil
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Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic contributed to the implementation of changes in the methodology of conducting many courses at medical universities. Achieving learning outcomes was associated with self-discipline and an increased portion of students’ independent work. The aim of the study is to analyze the adaptation of teaching methods to the requirements of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Department of Medical Education of Jagiellonian University Medical College. The university authorities, instructors and students made every effort not to neglect their education. The Microsoft Teams platform allowed for the efficient organization of remote classes. Lectures, activities based on dialogue, brainstorming and role- -playing were conducted via the Internet. Presentations and short films were made available to students. The safety of individuals participating in classes was guaranteed by password access and an invitation sent prior to an online meeting. Remote learning allowed for the synthesis and deepening of students’ knowledge, improvement of communication skills and development of clinical thinking as future doctors. The disadvantages of online education was the inability to improve practical skills, especially on phantoms, under the direct supervision of a trained instructor.
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Bibliography

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3. Silverman J., Kurtz S., Draper J.: Skills for Communicating with Patients, 3rd edition. London: CRC Press, 2016.
4. Małecki Ł., Stalmach-Przygoda A., Górski S., Kocurek A., Skrzypek A., Kowalska B., Nowakowski M.: Wprowadzenie całościowego kursu komunikacji medycznej dla studentów Wydziału Lekarskiego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Collegium Medicum.= The introduction of a comprehensive communication course for medical students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Jagiellonian University Medical College. Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medicum Zakład Dydaktyki Medycznej. Sztuka Leczenia. 2017; 1: 73–84.
5. Maran N.J., Glavin R.J.: Low- to high-fidelity simulation — a continuum of medical education? Medical Education. 2003; 37: 22–28.
6. Nikendei Ch., Huber J., Stiepak J., Huhn D., Lauter J., Krautter M.: Modification of Peyton’s four-step approach for small group teaching — a descriptive study. BMC Medical Education. 2014. https://doi. org/10.1186/1472-6920-14-68.
7. Skrzypek A., Szeliga M., Jagielski P., Perera I., Dębicka-Dąbrowska D., Wilczyńska-Golonka M., Górecki T., Cebula G.: The modified Peyton approach in the teaching of cardiac auscultation. Folia Med Crac. 2019; 59 (4): 21–32.
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12. Skrzypek A., Cegielny T., Szeliga M., Jabłoński K., Nowakowski M.: Different perceptions of Problem Based Learning among Polish and Scandinavian students. Is PBL the same for everyone? Preliminary study. General and Professional Education. 2017; 3: 58–64.
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14. Lucey C.R., Johnston S.C.: The Transformational Effects of COVID-19 on Medical Education. JAMA. 2020; 324 (11): 1033–1034. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.14136.
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Skrzypek
1
Ian Perera
1
Marta Szeliga
1
Grzegorz Cebula
1

  1. Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The objective of this paper is the Arabic edition and the English translation of the Dissertation on thirst (الكلام في العطش), an anonymous text included in the miscellaneous manuscript nº 888 of the Royal Library of the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial in Madrid (Spain). This small treatise describes what thirst is, the types of thirst that exist, the causes why hydroponics are averse to water, the reason why diabetic people are continuously thirsty, the causes why people with fever are thirsty, the reason why some foods produce thirst and others do not, and so on. The whole manuscript is composed of fourteen works, written by the same copyist along 170 folios under the general title The book of medical and philosophical curiosities and utilities (كتاب النكت والثمار الطبية والفلسفية) and their subject are curious matters that are generally out of the span of most works on these two branches of knowledge.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ana M. Cabo-González

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