TY - JOUR N2 - The aim of this study was to assess the effects of two flocculants that are often used to overcome activated sludge bulking problems - aluminium chloride, AlCl3, and aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 - on Lecaneinermis (Rotifera, Monogononta) at three different temperatures: 8, 15 and 20°C. The mean EC50 value (effective concentration, mg dm-3) calculated for the 24 h mortality test was 0.012 mg Al3+dm-3. Next, the effects of low concentrations of the Al-salts on the population development from single individuals (parthenogenetic females) were tested in a 21-day experiment. At concentrations as low as EC4.8 and EC0.48, both Al-salts affected rotifer population negatively. However, temperature was the most pronounced factor that modified the toxicity of the Al-salts to the rotifers. On the 12th day of the experiment, there were significant interactions between temperature and the Al-salts, indicating that the chemicals were more toxic to the rotifers at 20°C than at lower temperatures. The weaker rotifers sensitivity to Al-salts (especially to AlCl3) in temperatures below 15°C, when the biggest problems associated with sludge bulking occurs,may means use both rotifers and chemicals reasonable and effective. L1 - http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/85862/PDF/10265-Volume39-Issue3-paper_10.pdf L2 - http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/85862 PY - 2013 IS - No 3 DO - 10.2478/aep-2013-0024 KW - toxicity of Al-salts KW - EC50 KW - rotifers KW - wastewater treatment KW - combined stressors A1 - Klimek, Beata A1 - Fiałkowska, Edyta A1 - Fyda, Janusz A1 - Kocerba-Soroka, Wioleta A1 - Pajdak-Stós, Agnieszka A1 - Sobczyk, Łukasz PB - Polish Academy of Sciences VL - vol. 39 DA - 2013 T1 - The Toxicity of Aluminium Salts to Lecane Inermis Rotifers: Are Chemical and Biological Methods Used to Overcome Activated Sludge Bulking Mutually Exclusive? UR - http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/edition/85862 T2 - Archives of Environmental Protection ER -