@ARTICLE{Svensson_Roger_Forgeries_2019,
 author={Svensson, Roger},
 volume={Rok LXIII},
 pages={165-177},
 journal={Wiadomości Numizmatyczne},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2019},
 publisher={Komitet Nauk Historycznych PAN},
 abstract={ABSTRACT: Forgeries of coins can either be contemporary or modern. Already in the Middle Ages, it was well known that bracteates were considerably more difficult to counterfeit than two-faced coins. The main reason is that bracteates are struck with a more complicated technology originating from goldsmithing. Therefore, most bracteate forgeries have been produced since the eighteenth century. Compared to original bracteates, modern bracteate forgeries often have the following characteristics: 1) an incorrect weight; 2) a lower relief; 3) sharper contours on the reverse; 4) an artistically clumsy design; 5) evidence of being struck with the same die if there are several specimens; and/or 6) empty fields in the background.},
 type={Article},
 title={Forgeries of medieval bracteates},
 title={Fałszerstwa średniowiecznych brakteatów},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/114617/PDF/WN%20207-2019%208Svensson.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/wn.2019.131220},
 keywords={bracteates, forgeries, Middle Ages, counterfeiter, Nicholaus Seeländer},
}