@ARTICLE{Ding_Hongwei_An_2011,
 author={Ding, Hongwei and Hoffmann, Rüdiger and Jokisch, Oliver},
 volume={vol. 36},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Archives of Acoustics},
 pages={509-518},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2011},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Committee on Acoustics},
 abstract={This study investigates the possible errors related to Mandarin tone perception and production by German speakers. In a preliminary test, 23 German listeners should identify the tones of 186 monosyllables. Results show that exposure to Mandarin Chinese can help to discriminate lexical tones as highly expected. In the main experiment, 17 German subjects were asked to take part in a perception and production test. Stimulus of perception involves 48 monosyllables uttered by a standard professional Chinese speaker; acoustic measures were conducted to analyze the production of 72 monosyllables for each subject. It is found that German speakers have much smaller f0 range than Chinese native speakers. Findings can provide implications for cross language studies and teaching practices.},
 type={Artykuły / Articles},
 title={An Investigation of Tone Perception and Production in German Learners of Mandarin},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/104436/PDF/02_paper.pdf},
 doi={10.2478/v10168-011-0036-6},
 keywords={Mandarin tones, German speakers, tone perception, tone production},
}